Ilanga lasehlotyeni liyadanisa phezu kwamaza, libiza abaninzi ukuba bahlole iindawo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi ngokuntywila. Nangona ukuntywila kunika ulonwabo olukhulu kunye nohambo olude, kukwakho neengozi zempilo ezinokubakho—ngokukodwa, isifo sokuxinwa, esibizwa ngokuba yi-"decompression sickness."
Ukuqonda Isifo Sokuthomalalisa Uxinzelelo
Isifo sokudakumba, esaziwa ngokuba sisifo somdibi, isifo sokugcwala, okanye i-barotrauma, senzeka xa umdibi enyuka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu esuka kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngexesha lokuntywila, iigesi, ingakumbi i-nitrogen, ziyanyibilika kwizicubu zomzimba phantsi koxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo. Xa umdibi enyuka ngokukhawuleza, ukuncipha ngokukhawuleza koxinzelelo kuvumela ezi gesi zinyibilikisiweyo ukuba zenze amaqamza, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi kunye nomonakalo wezicubu. Le meko inokuzibonakalisa ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela inkqubo yemisipha kwaye zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
Izibalo ezimalunga nesifo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo ziyoyikisa: izinga lokufa linokufikelela kwi-11%, ngelixa izinga lokukhubazeka linokufikelela kwi-43%, nto leyo egxininisa ubunzulu bale meko. Abangengobantywili basemngciphekweni kuphela, kodwa abantu abangengobasebenzi bokuntywila, abalobi beentlanzi, abantu ababhabha kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, abantu abatyebileyo, kunye nabo baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala abaneengxaki zentliziyo nabo basengozini yokufumana isifo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Iimpawu zeSifo sokudakumba
Iimpawu zesifo sokudakumba zihlala zibonakala njengentlungu ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni. Zinokwahluka ngobukhulu, zihlelwa ngolu hlobo:
Ubuthambileyo: Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo, amabala anombala, kunye nentlungu encinci kwizihlunu, emathanjeni, okanye emalungeni.
Iphakathi: Intlungu ebuhlungu kwizihlunu, emathanjeni, nasemalungeni, kunye nezinye iimpawu zemithambo-luvo kunye nezokugaywa kwamathumbu.
Okubi kakhulu: Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokujikeleza kwegazi, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla, okunokukhokelela kumonakalo ongunaphakade okanye nokufa.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba umonakalo weenkqubo zemithambo-luvo, zokuphefumla, kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi ubangela malunga ne-5-25% yeemeko ezinzima zokudakumba, ngelixa izilonda ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi zichaphazela ulusu kunye nenkqubo ye-lymphatic, ezimalunga ne-7.5-95%.
Indima yoNyango lweOksijini yeHyperbaric
Unyango lwe-hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) lunyango olusekiweyo nolusebenzayo lwesifo sokudambisa uxinzelelo. Olu nyango lusebenza kakhulu xa lusetyenziswa ngexesha lesigaba esiqatha sale meko, kwaye isiphumo sixhomekeke kakhulu kubukhali beempawu.
Indlela Yokusebenza
Unyango lwe-HBO lusebenza ngokunyusa uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo olujikeleze isigulane, nto leyo ekhokelela kwezi ziphumo zilandelayo zibalulekileyo:
Ukuncitshiswa kwamaqamza egesi: Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lunciphisa umthamo wamaqamza e-nitrogen emzimbeni, ngelixa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lukhawulezisa ukusasazeka kwe-nitrogen esuka kumaqamza iye kwigazi elijikelezileyo kunye nolwelo lwezicubu.
Utshintsho lweOksijini oluphuculweyo: Ngexesha lonyango, izigulana ziphefumla ioksijini, ethatha indawo yenitrogen kwiibhamuza zegesi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukufunxwa nokusetyenziswa kweoksijini ngokukhawuleza.
Ukujikeleza kwegazi okuPhucukileyo: Amaqamza amancinci anokuhamba aye kwimithambo yegazi emincinci, anciphise indawo yesifo sohlangothi kwaye aphucule ukuhamba kwegazi.
Ukukhuselwa kwezicubu: Olu nyango lunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizicubu kwaye lunciphisa amathuba okonakala kweeseli.
Ukulungiswa kweHypoxia: Unyango lwe-HBO lunyusa uxinzelelo oluncinci lweoksijini kunye nomxholo weoksijini egazini, lulungisa ngokukhawuleza i-hypoxia yezicubu.
Isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, unyango lwe-hyperbaric oxygen lusebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo ekulweni nesifo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo, lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezikhawulezileyo nezinokusindisa ubomi. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga neengozi ezinxulumene nokuntywila kunye nokusebenza kakuhle konyango lwe-HBO, abantywili kunye nabanokuthi babe neengxaki banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi lokukhusela impilo yabo.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-27-2024