Ilanga lasehlotyeni lidanisa phezu kwamaza, libiza abaninzi ukuba bahlole iindawo eziphantsi kwamanzi ngokuntywila. Ngelixa ukuntywila kunika ulonwabo olukhulu kunye ne-adventure, ikwaza neengozi zempilo ezinokubakho-ingakumbi, ukugula koxinzelelo, okubizwa ngokuba "kukugula koxinzelelo."
Ukuqonda isigulo soxinzelelo
Ukugula kwe-Decompression, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuba sisifo se-diver, ukugula kwe-saturation, okanye i-barotrauma, kwenzeka xa i-diver ikhuphuka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwiindawo ezixinzelelekileyo. Ngexesha lokuntywila, iigesi, ngakumbi initrogen, zinyibilika kwizicubu zomzimba phantsi koxinzelelo olongezelelweyo. Xa abantu abahlukeneyo benyuka ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza koxinzelelo kuvumela ezi gesi ezinyibilikileyo ukuba zenze ama-bubbles, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi kunye nokulimala kwezicubu. Le meko ingabonakalisa kwiimpawu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-musculoskelet system kwaye inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu.
Izibalo ezijikeleze ukugula kwe-decompression ziyothusa: izinga lokufa lingafikelela kwi-11%, ngelixa izinga lokukhubazeka lingaba phezulu kwi-43%, ligxininisa ubume obunzulu beli meko. Ayingobantu abahlukeneyo abasemngciphekweni kuphela, kodwa abo bangengobuchwephesha, abalobi, iiflaya ezikwindawo ephakamileyo, abantu abatyebe ngokugqithiseleyo, kunye nabo bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 abaneengxaki zentliziyo nabo banokuchaphazeleka kukugula koxinzelelo.
Iimpawu zesigulo soxinzelelo lwengqondo
Iimpawu zokugula kwe-decompression ngokuqhelekileyo zibonakala njengentlungu kwiingalo okanye emilenzeni. Zinokwahluka ngobungqongqo, zihlelwa ngolu hlobo:
Kuphakathi: Ukurhawuzelelwa ulusu, amabala anamabala, kunye neentlungu ezincinci kwizihlunu, emathanjeni okanye kumalungu.
Ephakathi: Iintlungu eziqatha kwizihlunu, amathambo, kunye namalungu, kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-neurological kunye ne-gastrointestinal.
Kakhulu: Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphefumla, nto leyo enokukhokelela kumonakalo osisigxina okanye nokufa.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba umonakalo we-neurological, ukuphefumla, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi malunga ne-5-25% yeemeko zokugula kwe-decompression, ngelixa izilonda ezikhanyayo ukuya kwimodareyitha zichaphazela ngokubanzi ulusu kunye nenkqubo ye-lymphatic, ibalwa malunga ne-7.5-95%.
Indima ye-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Unyango lwe-Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) lunyango olusekiweyo kunye nolusebenzayo lokugula kwe-decompression. Ungenelelo lusebenza kakhulu xa lulawulwa ngexesha lesigaba esinzima semeko, kunye nesiphumo esixhomekeke ngokusondeleyo kubunzima beempawu.
Indlela yokwenza
Unyango lwe-HBO lusebenza ngokwandisa uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo malunga nesigulana, olukhokelela kwezi ziphumo zibalulekileyo zilandelayo:
Ukucutheka kwamagaqa egesi: Uxinzelelo olonyukileyo lunciphisa umthamo wamaqamza enitrogen ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ngelixa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lukhawulezisa ukusasazwa kwenitrogen ukusuka kumaqamza ukuya egazini elijikelezileyo kunye nolwelo lwethishu.
Ukutshintshwa kwe-Oxygen eyandisiweyo: Ngethuba lokunyanga, izigulane zikhupha i-oksijini, ethatha indawo ye-nitrogen kwiibhubhu zegesi, iququzelele ukufunxa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-oksijini.
Ukujikeleza okuPhuculweyo: Amaqamza amancinci angahamba ukuya kwimithambo yegazi emincinci, ukunciphisa indawo ye-infarction kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi.
Ukukhuselwa kweTissue: Unyango lunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizicubu kwaye lunciphisa amathuba omonakalo weselula.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Hypoxia: unyango lwe-HBO luphakamisa uxinzelelo oluyinxenye lwe-oksijini kunye nomxholo we-oksijini yegazi, ngokukhawuleza ukulungisa i-hypoxia yezicubu.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqukumbela, unyango lwe-oksijini ye-hyperbaric ime njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokulwa nokugula kwe-decompression, ukubonelela ngokukhawuleza kunye neenzuzo ezinokuthi zisindise ubomi. Ngolwazi olwandisiweyo malunga nemingcipheko enxulumene nokuntywila kunye nokusebenza konyango lwe-HBO, abantu abahlukeneyo kunye nabo banokugula banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ukukhusela impilo yabo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-27-2024