Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ingakumbi ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi, yingxaki enkulu echaphazela abantu abanezinto ezinobungozi kwimithambo yegazi ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, kunye ne-hyperlipidemia. Kubonakala njengoluhlu lokwehla kwengqondo, ukusuka kwi-cognitive impairment encinci ukuya kwi-dementia, ebangelwa kakhulu zizifo ze-cerebrovascular, kuquka zombini iimeko ezicacileyo ezifana ne-stroke kunye nezincinci ezifana nezilonda ezimhlophe kunye ne-cerebral ischemia engapheliyo. Ukulawula esi sifo ngokufanelekileyo, ukungenelela kwangoko kunye nonyango kubalulekile.
Ukuqonda Ukuphazamiseka Kwemithambo Yegazi
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi kunokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo Okungekuko Kwesifo Sengqondo
Izigulana zihlala zinemiba ebangela umngcipheko wesifo semithambo yegazi kwaye zibonisa iingxaki ezincinci zengqondo ezingahlangabezaniyo nemigangatho yesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Ukuwohloka kwengqondo kunokubonakala ngequbuliso okanye kancinci kancinci, okubonwa njengokuncipha kwenkumbulo, ukucinga okungabonakaliyo, kunye nokugweba, okuhambisana notshintsho lobuntu. Sekunjalo, ubuchule bokuphila bemihla ngemihla buhlala bunjalo.
2. I-Vascular Dementia
Olu hlobo lwesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo ludla ngokulandelwa yimbali yestroke kwaye lubonakaliswa kukuwohloka okuqhubekekayo komsebenzi wokuqonda ohlangabezana neemfuno zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Izigulana zinokufumana ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwimisebenzi yolawulo - kubandakanya ukumisela iinjongo, ukucwangcisa, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki - kunye nokuncipha okubonakalayo kwinkumbulo yexesha elifutshane kunye nobuchule bokubala. Iimpawu ze-neurological ezihamba nazo zinokubandakanya ukungakhathali, ukunxibelelana okuncinci ngomlomo, ixhala, kunye nokuphazamiseka kweemvakalelo.
Iindlela Zonyango Oluqhelekileyo
Ingqikelelo yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi iphucuka kakhulu xa kuchongwa kwangethuba. Iindlela zonyango ziquka oku kulandelayo:
1. Unyango lwe-Etiological
Ukujongana nokunyanga isifo semithambo yegazi kunye nemingcipheko yaso yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi. Oku kuquka unyango lwe-antiplatelet, unyango lokunciphisa amafutha emzimbeni, kunye nolawulo lwe-hypertension kunye nesifo seswekile.
2. Ulawulo lweMpawu zoQondo
Izithinteli zeCholinesterase, ezifana neDonepezil, kunye nee-NMDA receptor antagonists, ezifana neMemantine, zinokuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo kwizigulana ezine-dementia yemithambo yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwazo kwi-vascular cognitive impairment engeyiyo i-dementia akukacaci. Unyango olongezelelweyo lunokubandakanya iVithamini E, iVithamini C, iGinkgo biloba extracts, iPiracetam, kunye neNicergoline.
3. Unyango oluneempawu
Kwizigulane ezibonisa iimpawu zokudakumba, ii-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) zinokuba luncedo. Amayeza e-antipsychotic, anjenge-Olanzapine kunye ne-Risperidone, anokumiselwa ukulawula ixesha elifutshane izinto ezibonakala ngathi azikho, ukukhohlisa, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha okukhawulezileyo.
Indima yoNyango lweOksijini yeHyperbaric
Unyango lwe-Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) lufumana ingqalelo njengongenelelo olutsha lokuphucula ukusebenza kobuchopho kubantu abaneengxaki zengqondo.Iindlela zayo zonyango ziquka:
1. Amanqanaba e-oksijini anyukileyo
I-HBO yonyusa umxholo weoksijini kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci, iphucula ukusasazeka kweoksijini kwaye iphucula ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwiiseli zengqondo ezichaphazelekayo, nto leyo enokunceda inkumbulo kunye nesimo sengqondo.
2. Iipropati zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi eziphuculweyo
Iyanciphisa i-hematocrit kwaye yonyusa ukuguquguquka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukuxinana kwegazi.
3. Ukubuyiselwa kweendawo ezine-Ischemic
I-HBO ikhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwe-ischemic penumbra,ukwenza kube lula ukubuyiselwa kwengqondo kunye nokuvuselelwa kwakhona.
4. Ukunciphisa Ukulimala Kokuphinda Kuphume Igazi
Ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kunye nokunciphisa imveliso yokuvuselela ukuvuvukala, i-HBO inceda ekukhuseleni izicubu ze-neural ekonakaleni.
5. Uphuculo lweMithambo yeNyrovascular Dynamics
I-HBOiphucula i-hemodynamics yobuchopho, yonyusa i-BDNF ye-endogenous, kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo.
6. Ukuphuculwa kokuVuleka kweMiqobo yeGazi-uBongo
Iyandisa ukuvuleka komqobo wegazi-ubuchopho, inyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza kunye nesantya sokufunxwa kwawo.
Isiphelo
Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi kubangela imingeni emikhulu, kodwa ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nokungenelela kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezilungileyo ngakumbi. Unyango lwe-oksijini ye-Hyperbaric lubonelela ngendlela ethembisayo yokuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokukhusela ingqondo ekuwohlokeni okungakumbi.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-02-2024