Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ngakumbi ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ye-vascular, yinkxalabo enzulu echaphazela abantu abanemingcipheko ye-cerebrovascular efana noxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile kunye ne-hyperlipidemia. Ibonakala njengoluhlu lokuhla kwengqondo, ukusukela ekuphazamisekeni okuphakathi kwengqondo ukuya kwisifo sengqondo esiyingozi, ikakhulu esibangelwa zizifo ze-cerebrovascular, kubandakanywa neemeko ezicacileyo ezifana ne-stroke kunye nezifihlakeleyo ezifana nezilonda zemiba emhlophe kunye ne-cerebral ischemia engapheliyo. Ukulawula ngempumelelo esi sigulo, ukungenelela kwangethuba kunye nonyango lubalulekile.
Ukuqonda ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yeVascular
I-Vascular cognitive impairment ingahlelwa kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Uphazamiseko lweNgcaciso lweMithambo olungelulo-Dementia
Izigulana zidla ngokubakho nemingcipheko yesifo se-cerebrovascular kwaye zibonisa iintsilelo ezingephi zokuqonda ezingahambelani nemilinganiselo yesifo sengqondo esiyingozi. Ukuncipha kwengqondo kunokubonakala ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokuthe ngcembe, okuhlala kubonwa njengokuncipha kwenkumbulo, ukucinga okungabonakaliyo, kunye nokugweba, kunye nokutshintsha kobuntu. Ukanti, ubuchule bokuphila bemihla ngemihla buhlala buhleli.
2. I-Vascular Dementia
Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka emva kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala, olu hlobo lwesifo sengqondo esiyingozi luhlala lulandelwa yimbali ye-stroke kwaye luphawulwa ngokuwohloka okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kwengqondo ehlangabezana nemilinganiselo ye-dementia. Izigulane zinokufumana ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo kwimisebenzi yokulawula - kubandakanywa ukumisela iinjongo, ukucwangcisa, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki - kunye nokunciphisa okubonakalayo kwimemori yexesha elifutshane kunye nobuchule bokubala. Iimpawu ezihamba kunye nemithambo-luvo zinokuquka ukungakhathali, ukunciphisa ukunxibelelana ngamazwi, ukuxhalaba, nokuphazamiseka kweemvakalelo.
IiNdlela zoNyango Jikelele
I-prognosis ye-vascular cognitive impairment iphucula kakhulu ngokuxilongwa kwangaphambili. Amaqhinga onyango abandakanya oku kulandelayo:
1. Unyango lwe-Etiological
Ukujongana nokunyanga isifo se-cerebrovascular kunye nemingcipheko yayo isisiseko sokulawula ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ye-vascular. Oku kubandakanya unyango lwe-antiplatelet, unyango lokunciphisa i-lipid, kunye nokulawulwa koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo seswekile.
2. Ulawulo lweempawu zengqondo
I-Cholinesterase inhibitors, njenge-Donepezil, kunye ne-NMDA ye-receptor antagonists, njenge-Memantine, inokuphucula umsebenzi wokuqonda kwizigulane ze-vascular dementia. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwabo kwi-non-dementia ye-vascular cognitive impairment kuhlala kungacaci. Unyango olongezelelweyo lunokuquka iVithamin E, iVithamin C, iGinkgo biloba extracts, iPiracetam, kunye neNicergoline.
3. Unyango lweSimptomatic
Kwizigulane ezibonisa iimpawu zokudakumba, i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) ekhethiweyo inokuba luncedo. Amachiza okulwa ne-Antipsychotic, afana ne-Olanzapine kunye ne-Risperidone, inokumiselwa ulawulo lwexesha elifutshane lokujonga izinto ezingekhoyo, ukukhohlisa, kunye nokuphazamiseka okubukhali kokuziphatha.
Indima ye-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
I-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO) ifumana ingqalelo njengongenelelo lwenoveli yokuphucula umsebenzi we-cerebral kubantu abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo.Iindlela zonyango lwayo ziquka:
1. Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba e-Oxygen
I-HBO yonyusa umxholo we-oksijini kunye noxinzelelo oluyinxenye, iphucula ukusasazwa kweoksijini kunye nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwizicubu zobuchopho ezichaphazelekayo, okunokuba luncedo kwimemori kunye nesimo sengqondo.
2. IiPropati zeSeli eBomvu yeGazi ephuculweyo
Iyanciphisa i-hematocrit kwaye ikhulise ukuguquguquka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa i-viscosity yegazi.
3. Ukubuyiselwa kweeNdawo ze-Ischemic
I-HBO ikhuthaza ukubuyiswa kwe-ischemic penumbra,ukuququzelela ukubuyisela i-neurorecovery kunye nokuvuselelwa.
4. Ukuncitshiswa kokwenzakala kwakhona
Ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kunye nokunciphisa ukuveliswa komlamli ovuthayo, i-HBO inceda ekukhuseleni izicubu ze-neural kumonakalo.
5. Ukuphuculwa kwe-Neurovascular Dynamics
HBOiphucula i-cerebral hemodynamics, kwandisa i-BDNF engapheliyo, kunye nokuphucula umsebenzi wokuqonda.
6. Ukuphuculwa kweBlood-Brain Barrier Permeability
Iphakamisa ukungeneka komqobo wegazi-ingqondo, inyusa ukusebenza kwechiza kunye nesantya sokufunxa.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo ye-Vascular kubangela imingeni ebalulekileyo, kodwa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokungenelela kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezilungileyo. I-Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy inikeza indlela ethembisayo yokuphucula umsebenzi wokuqonda kunye nokukhusela ingqondo ekunciphiseni ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-02-2024